Abstract
Flow quantification with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is an established method for assessing patients with a variety of cardiovascular diseases, particularly valvular heart disease and congenital heart disease. This chapter reviews basic MR physics and clinical applications for flow quantification, from one-directional flowsensitive MR to time-resolved, three-directional flow-sensitive MR.
Keywords: MR Flow, phase contrast, flow quantification, 4D flow MR, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease.
Related Journals
Related Books
Andrology: Current and Future Developments
Male Infertility: An Integrative Manual of Western and Chinese Medicine
Awake Thoracic Surgery
The Anatomical Foundations of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine Macroanatomy Microanatomy Sonoanatomy Functional anatomy
Frontiers in Anti-infective Agents
Frontiers in Anti-infective Agents
Frontiers in Anti-infective Agents
Frontiers in Anti-infective Agents
Frontiers in Anti-infective Agents
Frontiers in Anti-infective Agents