On Physical Layer Design for Smart Cities

In the future, the real world will convert to a smart world around 2025. One could predict that there will be a changeover from 4G LTE to 5G NR. In pandemic conditions, 4G LTE has been found to provide good online support, such as accessing the Internet for education, administration, banking, official works, etc., anywhere in the real world. But there are some limitations, such as operating machines in industries, and driving vehicles on the road with the help of the Internet. These facilities will be provided by 5G NR as there is a large difference between 4G LTE and 5G NR. In 4G LTE, only Mobile Broad Band (MBB) is present, but in 5G NR, there are three terms, i.e., Enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB), Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLLC) and massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC). As a result, the city will convert into a smart city. It is possible by applying intelligence in various technologies. Applying intelligence will lead to the improvement of smartness in the environment, mobility, building, home, administration, health, education, etc. The smartness of the item includes the utilization of the Internet in various devices, which means the Internet of Things (IoT). In previous times, humans communicate with humans, but in IoT, a human will communicate with the device. In the future, it will be realized using NXP Semiconductors. NXP semiconductors manufactured various chips, which should be beneficial for the formation of smart cities. In the near future, facilities will be increased in a more massive manner than the present time. By 2030, the goal will have been fully attained, and IoT will have evolved into the Internet of Everything (IoE), meaning that everything will be made possible by the Internet. Device-to-device communication will be a possibility in IoE side-by-side. This outlines how 5G to 6G will change. 

Keywords: 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project), 4G LTE (Long Term Evolution), 5G NR (New Radio), EMBB (Extended Mobile Broad Band), IoT (Internet of Things), MMTC (Massive MachineType Communication), NXP (Next eXPerience) Semiconductors, URLLC (Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication).