Conclusion, Outlook, and Prospects: Bionanomaterials in Clinical Utilization

Nanomaterials have contributed to significant advancements in the realms of biotechnology and medicine. A holistic examination of the different biocompatible nanocomposites is discussed in this chapter. Their compatibility with state-of-the-art engineering techniques, such as additive manufacturing to design practical surgical implants, is also discussed. The importance and potential of nanocomposites and manufacturing processes in implantable medical device industries are also thoroughly considered. Nanomaterials' unique characteristics contrast with their large counterparts, such as high surfaces, reactivity, and reproducibility. Their incorporation in matrices has shown that the resultant composites' mechanical, chemical, and physical properties can be improved.Consequently, a wide variety of technical technologies, such as energy products, biomedical applications, micro-electrical equipment etc., have been intensively researched. Furthermore, the foundation for many new medicines and surgical instruments, including nanorobots, has been built on nanobiotechnology. It has been utilized in almost every medical sector, and its usage in the treatment of different diseases, such as cancer, neurobiology, cardiovascular disorders, joint and bone disorders, eye diseases, and infectious diseases, has been evident through different studies. Nanobiotechnology can promote diagnostics and the advancement of customized medicine, i.e., prescribing unique therapeutics that are tailored to an individual's needs. Many advances have already begun, and a definite effect on medicine practice will be felt in a decade.

Keywords: Naturally occurring nanoparticles, green synthesis, nanomaterials, bacteriophages, biodegradation, biosynthesis.