Micro/Nano-fluidics Based Biosensors

Abstract

Integrated microfluidic sensors have been developed with the understanding of fundamental laws of blood flow and its non-Newtonian properties and the advent of microfluidic technology to diagnose various diseases. Lab-on-a-chip platforms based on hemodynamics allow the highly accurate detection of the pathological changes in the behaviors of blood (i.e., red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) and cells. Hemorheology depends on the complex interactions of immune response and cardiovascular and other diseases. The nanofluidic systems initiated by flow characteristics remain insufficient, but the ongoing development of microfluidic and nanofluidic systems and the identification of key players and risk factors enable the study of disease onset and progression, thereby leading to a spectrum of clinically relevant findings.

Keywords: Blood flow, Cell deformation, Drag force, ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate), Image processing, Lab-on-a-chip, Microfluidics, Pressure, RBC aggregation, Shear stress, Platelet activation, PIV (particle image velocimetry), Viscosity.