Dyslipidemia

Hyperlipidemia is one of the major risk factors for developing cardiovascular complications. The cardiovascular diseases connected with complex risk factors include diabetes, smoking, alcohol, physical inactivity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. Cardiovascular disease is causing more deaths in developed and developing countries. Hyperlipidemia associated with high levels of fatty materials deposition in systemic circulation. Cholesterol is a waxy fat protein produced naturally in the liver, present in bloodstream as proteins called lipoproteins. Cholesterol is a fatty substance found in several fatty foods such as eggs, red meat, and cheese. The large amounts of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol deposits in the arterial walls cause narrowing of blood vessels that can increase the risk of serious cardiovascular complications. Dyslipidemia is categorized into primary and secondary types. It includes primary and secondary dyslipidemia. The primary dyslipidemia is noted to be inherited. Secondary dyslipidemia is an acquired condition and develops from obesity and diabetes. Patients diagnosed with dyslipidemia may have xanthomas which are deposits of cholesterol under the skin and also under the eyes. The commonly prescribed medications for the management of dyslipidemia include fibric acid derivatives, bile acid drugs, statins, nicotinic acid, and reduce the progression of dyslipidemia complications in health practice. Early identification of risk factors, diagnosis and cholesterol screening programmes can prevent the progression of the dyslipidemic burden among high cholesterol risk patients.

Keywords: Cholesterol, Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension, Lipoproteins, Xanthomas.