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Current Medical Imaging

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ISSN (Print): 1573-4056
ISSN (Online): 1875-6603

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Case Report

Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound of Xanthogranulomatous Endometritis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Author(s): Hailan Wu, Juan Liu, Li Chen* and Juan Peng

Volume 20, 2024

Published on: 07 July, 2023

Article ID: e110523216785 Pages: 4

DOI: 10.2174/1573405620666230511100210

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Abstract

Introduction: Xanthogranulomatous endometritis (XGE) is a rare inflammatory disease, which can easily misdiagnose as cancer in imaging diagnosis. Diagnosis of XGE relies on histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry.

Case Presentation: In this study, a case of a 72-year-old female with XGE and elevated CA125 is presented, which was misdiagnosed as endometrial cancer in transvaginal ultrasonography and ovarian cystadenocarcinoma in CT. However, the features of XGE on the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) were different from that of endometrial cancer. The patient finally underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy.

Discussion: The histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry suggested xanthogranulomatous endometritis (histiocytic endometritis). This case report manifests that CEUS may be a new noninvasive diagnostic method for XGE, which may reduce extensive tissue sampling and unnecessary hysterectomies for patients.

Keywords: Endometritis, Ultrasonography, Xanthogranulomatous inflammation, CEUS, Cancer, Diagnosis.

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