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Current Medicinal Chemistry

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Review Article

Gene Expression Assay in the Management of Early Breast Cancer

Author(s): Roberta Caputo , Daniela Cianniello *, Antonio Giordano*, Michela Piezzo , Maria Riemma , Marco Trovò , Massimiliano Berretta and Michelino De Laurentiis

Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020

Page: [2826 - 2839] Pages: 14

DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191205163329

Price: $65

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Abstract

The addition of adjuvant chemotherapy to hormonal therapy is often considered questionable in patients with estrogen receptor-positive early breast cancer. Low risk of disease relapse after endocrine treatment alone and/or a low sensitivity to chemotherapy are reasons behind not all patients benefit from chemotherapy. Most of the patients could be exposed to unnecessary treatment- related adverse events and health care costs when treatment decision-making is based only on classical clinical histological features. Gene expression profile has been developed to refine physician’s decision-making process and to tailor personalized treatment to patients. In particular, these tests are designed to spare patients the side effects of unnecessary treatment, and ensure that adjuvant chemotherapy is correctly recommended to patients with early breast cancer. In this review, we will discuss the main diagnostic tests and their potential clinical applications (Oncotype DX, MammaPrint, PAM50/Prosigna, EndoPredict, MapQuant Dx, IHC4, and Theros-Breast Cancer Gene Expression Ratio Assay).

Keywords: Adjuvant chemotherapy, early breast cancer (EBC), Oncotype DX, MapQuant Dx, estrogen receptor positive (ER+).

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