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Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 1573-398X
ISSN (Online): 1875-6387

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Review Article

Genetic Anomalies of the Respiratory Tract

Author(s): Caterina Cuppari*, Maria Concetta Cutrupi, Annamaria Salpietro, Alessia Sallemi, Monica Fusco, Giuseppe Fabio Parisi and Carmelo Salpietro

Volume 15, Issue 3, 2019

Page: [221 - 230] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/1573398X15666191022100525

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Abstract

Hereditary lung diseases can affect the airways, parenchyma and vasculature of the lung. Such diseases comprehend simple monogenic disorders such as Kartagener syndrome and α1-antitrypsin deficiency, in which mutations of critical genes are sufficient to induce well‐defined disease phenotypes. A major comprehension of the genetic basis of pulmonary diseases has produced new investigations into their underlying pathophysiology and contributed sometimes to clarify on more frequent sporadic forms. The presence of these structural abnormalities of the respiratory tract can be fatal, so that the identification of causative genes has allowed prenatal diagnosis for many diseases giving a greater hope of survival thanks to a more adequate and prompt management.

Keywords: Airways diseases, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, asthma, cystic fibrosis, dyskinesia, hereditary lung diseases, kartagener syndrome, respiratory tract.

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