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Review Article

血脂异常的内皮功能障碍：分子机制和临床意义。

卷 27, 期 7, 2020

页: [1021 - 1040] 页: 20

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867326666190903112146

价格: $65

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摘要

内皮细胞由一层单层的内皮细胞（ECs）组成，内皮细胞形成静脉，动脉，毛细血管和淋巴管的内部细胞壁。 EC与血液和淋巴液相互作用。内皮履行诸如血管扩张，调节粘附，白细胞浸润，抑制血小板粘附，血管重塑和脂蛋白代谢等功能。 EC合成并释放化合物，例如一氧化氮（NO），花生四烯酸的代谢产物，活性氧（ROS）和降解细胞外基质的酶。内皮功能障碍代表易于发生动脉粥样硬化的表型，可以用作动脉粥样硬化风险的标志。这种功能障碍包括NO的合成和可用性受损，以及内皮衍生的舒张因子和收缩因子（如内皮素1和血管紧张素）的相对贡献失衡。这种功能障碍出现在动脉粥样硬化的最早的解剖学证据之前，并且可能是动脉粥样硬化进一步发展的重要的初始步骤。内皮功能障碍过去曾通过补充维生素C和补充L-精氨酸来治疗。已经观察到抗氧化剂治疗期间粘附分子表达和内皮功能的短期改善。他汀类药物用于治疗高脂血症，高脂血症是心血管疾病的危险因素。未来的研究应侧重于确定他汀类药物对内皮的有益作用所涉及的机制。这可能有助于开发专门针对内皮功能障碍的药物。

关键词: 高脂血症，内皮，内皮功能障碍，他汀类药物，心血管疾病，动脉粥样硬化。

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