The convergence of nanotechnology with agriculture has transformed farming, while also impacting medicine, biotechnology and environmental science. Plant extracts isolated using new technologies have been used to successfully create new medicines for specific diseases. This book focuses on the eco-friendly synthesis of plant extracts. It provides information about multifunctional nanoparticles, and their versatile applications, including agriculture, food safety, and environmental remediation. The book aims to bridge the gap between nanotechnology and public perception, addressing concerns related to health and environmental impact. Themes within the book span across green synthesis techniques for noble metal nanoparticles, the crucial role of analytical methods in characterizing these "green nanomaterials," and the comprehensive examination of how nanoparticles interact with the human body. Furthermore, the intricate relationships between proteins and nanoparticles is highlighted to explain the physicochemical effects and toxicity of nanomaterials. Readers will learn about sustainable and environmentally friendly approaches for synthesizing nanoparticles, while getting a glimpse of the promising future of nanotechnology in agriculture and beyond.

Nanoelectronics Devices: Design, Materials, and Applications provides information about the progress of nanomaterial and nanoelectronic devices and their applications in diverse fields (including semiconductor electronics, biomedical engineering, energy production and agriculture). The book is divided into two parts. The editors have included a blend of basic and advanced information with references to current research. The book is intended as an update for researchers and industry professionals in the field of electronics and nanotechnology. It can also serve as a reference book for students taking advanced courses in electronics and technology. The editors have included MCQs for evaluating the readers’ understanding of the topics covered in the book. Topics covered in Part 1 include basic knowledge on nanoelectronics with examples of testing different device parameters. - The present, past, and future of nanoelectronics, - An introduction to Nanoelectronics and applicability of Moore's law - Transport of charge carrier, electrode, and measurement of device parameters - Fermi level adjustment in junction less transistor, - Non-polar devices and their simulation - The negative capacitance in MOSFET devices - Effect of electrode in the device operation - Second and Sixth group semiconductors, - FinFET principal and future, Electronics and optics integration for fast processing and data communication - Batteryless photo detectors - Solar cell fabrication and applications - Van der Waals assembled nanomaterials

Naturally-derived biomaterials invite immense interest from diverse segments of science and engineering. Recent decades have witnessed a leap in knowledge and efforts in ongoing research with biomaterials as synthons, yet biomaterial research never fails to create surprises. This book summarizes modern knowledge of bioderived materials for beginners in research and advanced readers in materials science. The book lays the foundations of understanding the design and development of mimetic peptides and enzyme mimetic bioinorganic catalysts, including the toolsets used in the process. Next, the book demonstrates different approaches for obtaining task-specific designer hydrogels. Additional topics covered in the book are tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. From this point, the book presents information on complex biomaterials systems: bacterial cellulose, cell membrane architecture for nanocomposite material design, and whole cellular microorganisms. Chapters provide applied knowledge with information on the strategies used to design novel biomaterials for applications such as drug delivery, therapy and controlled chemical synthesis. In summary, this book brings together a wealth of information on bioderived materials with versatile applications, derived from different sources, such as plant derivatives and microorganisms (in part or whole as synthons), benefitting readers from multidisciplinary backgrounds.

This reference reviews the reported literature on new approaches of nanocomposite material preparation and their applications in the development of physical, chemical, electrochemical, biological, fluorescence and colorimetric sensors. Sensor nanomaterials have been extensively used to amplify signals in the detection of a range of chemicals including toxic gases, biochemical nutrients, ions, explosives, pesticides and drugs to name a few. 14 chapter contributions highlight state-of-the-art sensors in recent years by outlining the synthesis, role and progress of nanocomposite materials in fabricating flexible and multifunctional sensing platforms in sensor technologies. Chapters first introduce the reader to nanocomposite materials and their role in making a wide array of sensors including metal-organic, graphene-based and polymeric sensors. The chapters then progress into applications of sensors for the detection of chemicals such as blood glucose, heavy metal and other toxic ions, hydrazine, humidity and explosive. Each chapter explains the required materials for electrodes and material components for a specific sensor platform with additional information about sample collection, threshold values and perspectives where appropriate. The book is intended as a compilation of knowledge for designing novel nanocomposite materials to be used as sensing platforms in sensor technologies. It serves as an informative resource for a broad range of readers including graduates and post-graduates, Ph. D. scholars, faculty members and professionals working in the area of material science, the healthcare industry, biological sciences, medical sciences, and environmental sciences.

This book highlights the advancements in the manufacture and testing of functional composites, metal matrix composites and polymer matrix composites. Chapters provide information about machinability studies of metals and composites using a variety of analytical techniques. The 12 book chapters also highlight updates in manufacturing technologies like CNC turning processes, electrical discharge machining, end milling, abrasive jet machining, electro chemical machining, additive manufacturing, and resistance spot welding. Readers will learn how to solve applied problems in industrial processing and applications. The book is of significant interest to industrialists working on the basic and experimental parameters for fabricating functional composites and manufacturing technology. Because of the multidisciplinary nature of the presented topics, the information presented in the book is of value to a broad audience involved in research, including materials scientists, chemists, physicists, manufacturing and chemical engineers and processing specialists who are involved and interested in the frontiers of composite materials.

The need to reduce pollution and the waste of energy and resources imposes a wider diffusion of environmentally friendly membrane systems. The expanding domain of membrane operations demands tailored materials with unprecedented performances and resistance to temperature, chemicals and solvents, at affordable costs. Today, new polymeric, inorganic and hybrid materials are specifically engineered for the preparation of advanced membranes for industrial applications. This e-book gives readers an overview of the state-of-the-art materials science of synthetic membranes. Membranes for natural gas treatment, separation of organics, fuel cells, high and low temperature catalytic membrane reactors are some of the subjects covered by this volume. This e-book will be of interest to specialists in membrane science and technology, as well as for graduate students and researchers in chemical engineering, chemistry and materials science, both in the industry and in the academy.

Ion Implantation and Activation presents the derivation process of related models in a comprehensive step by step manner starting from the fundamental processes and moving up into the more advanced theories. </p><p> Ion implantation can be expressed theoretically as a binary collision, and, experimentally using various mathematical functions. Readers can understand how to establish an ion implantation database by combining theory and experimental data. The models described in this ebook can be directly related to practical experimental data with various approaches: physical, empirical or experimental. Readers can also understand the approximations, and assumptions to reach these models. The redistribution and activation of implanted impurities during subsequent thermal processes are also important subjects and they are described in a broad manner with the combination of theory and experiment, even though many of the models are not well established. Chapters in the book explain, in depth, various topics such as Pearson functions, LSS theory, Monte Carlo simulations, Edgeworth Polynomials and much more. </p><p> This book provides advanced engineering and physics students and researchers with complete and coherent coverage of modern semiconductor process modeling. Readers can also benefit from this volume by acquiring the necessary information to improve contemporary process models by themselves.

Ion Implantation and Activation presents the derivation process of related models in a comprehensive step by step manner starting from the fundamental processes and moving up into the more advanced theories. Ion implantation can be expressed theoretically as a binary collision, and, experimentally using various mathematical functions. Readers can understand how to establish an ion implantation database by combining theory and experimental data. The models described in this ebook can be directly related to practical experimental data with various approaches: physical, empirical or experimental. Readers can also understand the approximations, and assumptions to reach these models. The redistribution and activation of implanted impurities during subsequent thermal processes are also important subjects and they are described in a broad manner with the combination of theory and experiment, even though many of the models are not well established. Chapters in the book explain, in depth, various topics such as Pearson functions, LSS theory, Monte Carlo simulations, Edgeworth Polynomials and much more. This book provides advanced engineering and physics students and researchers with complete and coherent coverage of modern semiconductor process modeling. Readers can also benefit from this volume by acquiring the necessary information to improve contemporary process models by themselves.

Ion Implantation and Activation presents the derivation process of related models in a comprehensive step by step manner starting from the fundamental processes and moving up into the more advanced theories. Ion implantation can be expressed theoretically as a binary collision, and, experimentally using various mathematical functions. Readers can understand how to establish an ion implantation database by combining theory and experimental data. The models described in this ebook can be directly related to practical experimental data with various approaches: physical, empirical or experimental. Readers can also understand the approximations, and assumptions to reach these models. The redistribution and activation of implanted impurities during subsequent thermal processes are also important subjects and they are described in a broad manner with the combination of theory and experiment, even though many of the models are not well established. Chapters in the book explain, in depth, various topics such as Pearson functions, LSS theory, Monte Carlo simulations, Edgeworth Polynomials and much more. This book provides advanced engineering and physics students and researchers with complete and coherent coverage of modern semiconductor process modeling. Readers can also benefit from this volume by acquiring the necessary information to improve contemporary process models by themselves.

Frontiers in Ceramic Science highlights the importance of ceramics and their applications in different fields such as manufacturing, construction, engineering, energy and much more. Each volume of the series brings a themed focus on a specific topic with contributions from experts around the world. The series is essential reading for materials science researchers interested in current developments in ceramic manufacturing and applications. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) have received great attention among researchers in the past few decades due to their high electrochemical energy conversion efficiency, environmental friendliness, fuel flexibility and wide range of applications. This volume is a contribution from renowned researchers in the scientific community interested in functional materials for SOFCs. Chapters in this volume emphasize the processing, microstructure and performance of electrolyte and electrode materials. Contributors review the main chemical and physical routes used to prepare ceramic/composite materials, and explain a variety of manufacturing techniques for electrode and electrolyte production and characterization. Readers will also find information about both symmetrical and single fuel cells. The book is a useful reference for students and professionals involved in SOFC research and development.