Abstract
The new technical developments in wireless networking devices require simultaneous operation at different frequencies for different applications such as LTE, IoT, wi-fi, etc. To achieve the compact microchip scale, this chapter explores the numerous key features of miniaturization techniques in basic antenna with advanced fractal arts. Fractals are a subset of non-Euclidian geometry. The larger bandwidth with multi frequencies is a key characteristic of antennas that have a fractal design in them. The defective ground design successfully overcomes the demerits associated with fractal design in the antenna. Modern-day applications like IEEE802.16 (Wi-Max, WLAN), Mobile operating bands (GSM, LTE), BT, etc., are covered in this chapter.
Keywords: Defected ground, Fractal geometry, Multiple inputs, Multiple outputs, Wireless communication.
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