[1]
Fiore, C.; Eisenhut, M.; Krausse, R.; Ragazzi, E.; Pellati, D.; Armanini, D.; Bielenberg, J. Antiviral effects of Glycyrrhiza species. Phytother. Res., 2008, 22(2), 141-148.
[2]
Li, Y.; Sun, F.; Jing, Z.; Wang, X.; Hua, X.; Wan, L. Glycyrrhizic acid exerts anti-inflammatory effect to improve cerebral vasospasm secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage in a rat model. Neurol. Res., 2017, 39(8), 727-732.
[3]
Pang, H.; Huang, T.; Song, J.; Li, D.; Zhao, Y.; Ma, X. Inhibiting HMGB1 with glycyrrhizic acid protects brain injury after DAI via its anti-inflammatory effect. Mediators Inflamm., 2016, 2016(3)4569521
[4]
Akman, T.; Guven, M.; Aras, A.B.; Ozkan, A.; Sen, H.M.; Okuyucu, A.; Kalkan, Y.; Sehitoglu, I.; Silan, C.; Cosar, M. The neuroprotective effect of glycyrrhizic acid on an experimental model of focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Inflammation, 2015, 38(4), 1-8.
[5]
Orazizadeh, M.; Fakhredini, F.; Mansouri, E.; Khorsandi, L. Effect of glycyrrhizic acid on titanium dioxide nanoparticles-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Chem. Biol. Interact., 2014, 220, 214-221.
[6]
Ojha, S.; Javed, H.; Azimullah, S.; Abul Khair, S.B.; Haque, M.E. Glycyrrhizic acid attenuates neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in rotenone model of parkinson’s disease. Neurotox. Res., 2015, 29(2), 1-13.
[7]
Ming, L.J.; Yin, A.C. Therapeutic effects of glycyrrhizic acid. Nat. Prod. Commun., 2013, 8(3), 415-418.
[8]
Su, X.; Wu, L.; Hu, M.; Dong, W.; Xu, M.; Zhang, P. Glycyrrhizic acid: A promising carrier material for anticancer therapy. Biomed. Pharmacother., 2017, 95, 670-678.
[9]
Hoever, G.; Baltina, L.; Michaelis, M.; Kondratenko, R.; Baltina, L. GAT; HWD; Cinatl, J. Antiviral activity of glycyrrhizic acid derivatives against SARS−coronavirus. J. Med. Chem., 2005, 48(4), 1256-1259.
[10]
Baltina, L.A. Chemical modification of glycyrrhizic acid as a route to new bioactive compounds for medicine. Curr. Med. Chem., 2003, 10(2), 155-171.
[11]
Lin, J.C.; Cherng, J.M.; Hung, M.S.; Baltina, L.A.; Baltina, L.; Kondratenko, R. Inhibitory effects of some derivatives of glycyrrhizic acid against Epstein-Barr virus infection: Structure-activity relationships. Antiviral Res., 2008, 79(1), 6-11.
[12]
Baba, M.; Shigeta, S. Antiviral activity of glycyrrhizin against varicella-zoster virus in vitro. Antiviral Res., 1987, 7(2), 99-107.
[13]
Fenwick, G.R.; Lutomski, J.; Nieman, C. Liquorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra L.—Composition, uses and analysis. Food Chem., 1990, 38(2), 119-143.
[14]
Hayashi, H.; Huang, P.; Kirakosyan, A.; Inoue, K.; Hiraoka, N.; Ikeshiro, Y.; Kushiro, T.; Shibuya, M.; Ebizuka, Y. Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding beta-amyrin synthase involved in glycyrrhizin and soyasaponin biosyntheses in licorice. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 2001, 24(8), 912-916.
[15]
Shaneyfelt, M.E.; Burke, A.D.; Graff, J.W.; Jutila, M.A.; Hardy, M.E. Natural products that reduce rotavirus infectivity identified by a cell-based moderate-throughput screening assay. Virol. J., 2006, 3(1), 68.
[16]
Mori, K.; Sakai, H.; Suzuki, S.; Sugai, K.; Akutsu, Y.; Ishikawa, M.; Seino, Y.; Ishida, N.; Uchida, T.; Kariyone, S. Effects of glycyrrhizin (SNMC: Stronger Neo-Minophagen C) in hemophilia patients with HIV infection. Tohoku J. Experiment. Med, 1989, 158(1), 25-35.
[17]
Thyagarajan, S.P.; Jayaram, S.; Gopalakrishnan, V.; Hari, R.; Jeyakumar, P.; Sripathi, M.S. Herbal medicines for liver diseases in India. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 2002, 17, Suppl 3(s3), S370-S376.
[18]
Harada, S. The broad anti-viral agent glycyrrhizin directly modulates the fluidity of plasma membrane and HIV-1 envelope. Biochem. J., 2005, 392(Pt 1), 191-199.
[19]
Selyutina, O.Y.; Polyakov, N.E.; Korneev, D.V.; Zaitsev, B.N. Effect of glycyrrhizic acid on hemolysis of red blood cells and properties of cell membranes. Russ. Chem. Bull., 2014, 63(5), 1201-1204.
[20]
Selyutina, O.Y.; Apanasenko, I.E.; Polyakov, N.E. Membrane-modifying activity of glycyrrhizic acid. Russ. Chem. Bull., 2015, 64(7), 1555-1559.
[21]
Baltina, L.A.; Kondratenko, R.M.; Baltina, L.A.; Nzh, B.; Pliasunova, O.A. Synthesis and biological activity of new glycyrrhizic acid conjugates with amino acids and dipeptides. Russ. J. Bioorganic Chem., 2009, 35(4), 510-517.
[22]
Koonin, E.V.; Senkevich, T.G.; Dolja, V.V. The ancient Virus World and evolution of cells. Biol. Direct, 2006, 1(1), 29.
[23]
Estoppey, D.; Lee, C.M.; Janoschke, M.; Lee, B.H.; Wan, K.F.; Dong, H.; Mathys, P.; Filipuzzi, I.; Schuhmann, T.; Riedl, R. The natural product cavinafungin selectively interferes with zika and dengue virus replication by inhibition of the host signal peptidase. Cell Rep., 2017, 19(3), 451-460.
[24]
van Rossum, T.G.; Vulto, A.G.; de Man, R.A.; Brouwer, J.T.; Schalm, S.W. Review article: glycyrrhizin as a potential treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther., 1998, 12(3), 199-205.
[25]
van Rossum, T.G.; Vulto, A.G.; Hop, W.C.; Schalm, S.W. Glycyrrhizin-induced reduction of ALT in European patients with chronic hepatitis C. Am. J. Gastroenterol., 2001, 96(8), 2432-2437.
[26]
Hidaka, I.; Hino, K.; Korenaga, M.; Gondo, T.; Nishina, S.; Ando, M.; Okuda, M.; Sakaida, I. Stronger Neo-Minophagen C, a glycyrrhizin-containing preparation, protects liver against carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress in transgenic mice expressing the hepatitis C virus polyprotein. Liver Int., 2007, 27(6), 845-853.
[27]
Takahara, T.; Watanabe, A.; Shiraki, K. Effects of glycyrrhizin on hepatitis B surface antigen: A biochemical and morphological study. J. Hepatol., 1994, 21(4), 601-609.
[28]
Sato, H.; Goto, W.; Yamamura, J.; Kurokawa, M.; Kageyama, S.; Takahara, T.; Watanabe, A.; Shiraki, K. Therapeutic basis of glycyrrhizin on chronic hepatitis B. Antiviral Res., 1996, 30(2-3), 171-177.
[29]
Tao, X.; Lou, L.; Xiaofei, L.I.; Chen, Y.; Weiwei, Y.E.; Shuang, W.U. Efficacy of glycyrrhizic acid monopotassium salt tablet in treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Chin. Arch. Tradit. Chin. Med, 2013, 31(6), 1437-1439.
[30]
Kiso, Y.; Tohkin, M.; Hikino, H.; Hattori, M.; Sakamoto, T.; Namba, T. Mechanism of antihepatotoxic activity of glycyrrhizin. I: Effect on free radical generation and lipid peroxidation. Planta Med., 1984, 50(4), 298-302.
[31]
Jeong, H.G.; You, H.J.; Park, S.J.; Moon, A.R.; Chung, Y.C.; Kang, S.K.; Chun, H.K. Hepatoprotective effects of 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury: inhibition of cytochrome P450 2E1 expression. Pharmacol. Res., 2002, 46(3), 221-227.
[32]
Tandon, A.; Tandon, B.N.; Bhujwala, R.A. Treatment of subacute hepatitis with Lamivudine and intravenous Glycyrrhizin: A pilot study. Hepatol. Res. Off. J. Japan Soc. Hepatol, 2001, 20(1), 1-8.
[33]
Kang, F.B.; Wang, L.; Sun, D.X. Hepatitis B virus infection in an HBsAb-positive lymphoma patient who received chemotherapy. A case report. Medicine., 2017, 96(44)e8518
[34]
Song-Qi, B.U.; Xia, Q.Q.; Zhong-Ping, P.U.; Wards, T. Clinical therapeutic effects on chronic viral hepatitis B in the patients treated with the compound chinese herbal formula and western medicine. World J. Integrat. Tradit. West. Med, 2018, 13(1), 77-80.
[35]
Penin, F.; Dubuisson, J.; Rey, F.A.; Moradpour, D.; Pawlotsky, J.M. Structural biology of hepatitis C virus. Hepatology, 2004, 39(1), 5-19.
[36]
Matsumoto, Y.; Matsuura, T.; Aoyagi, H.; Matsuda, M.; Hmwe, S.S.; Date, T.; Watanabe, N.; Watashi, K.; Suzuki, R.; Ichinose, S. Antiviral activity of glycyrrhizin against hepatitis C virus in vitro. PLoS One, 2013, 8(7)e68992
[37]
Ashfaq, U.A.; Masoud, M.S.; Nawaz, Z.; Riazuddin, S. Glycyrrhizin as antiviral agent against Hepatitis C Virus. J. Transl. Med., 2011, 9(1), 112.
[38]
Arase, Y.; Ikeda, K.; Murashima, N.; Chayama, K.; Tsubota, A.; Koida, I.; Suzuki, Y.; Saitoh, S.; Kobayashi, M.; Kumada, H. The long term efficacy of glycyrrhizin in chronic hepatitis C patients. Cancer, 1997, 79(8), 1494-1500.
[39]
Orlent, H.; Hansen, B.E.; Willems, M.; Brouwer, J.T.; Huber, R.; Kullak-Ublick, G.A.; Gerken, G.; Zeuzem, S.; Nevens, F.; Tielemans, W.C.M. Biochemical and histological effects of 26 weeks of glycyrrhizin treatment in chronic hepatitis C: A randomized phase II trial. J. Hepatol., 2006, 45(4), 539-546.
[40]
Cherng, J-M.; Lin, H-J.; Hsu, Y-H.; Hung, M-S.; Lin, J-C. A quantitative bioassay for HIV-1 gene expression based on UV activation: effect of glycyrrhizic acid. Antiviral Res., 2004, 62(1), 27-36.
[41]
Sasaki, H.; Takei, M.; Kobayashi, M.; Pollard, R.B.; Suzuki, F. Effect of glycyrrhizin, an active component of licorice roots, on hiv replication in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-seropositive patients. Pathobiology, 2002, 70(4), 229-236.
[42]
Wang, J.; Guo, J.; Liu, S. Inhibitory effect of glycyrrhizin on NF-kappa B binding activity in CCl4 plus ethanol induced liver cirrhosis in rats. Liver Int., 1998, 18(3), 180-185.
[43]
Wang, C.; Lu, L.; Na, H.; Li, X.; Wang, Q.; Jiang, X.; Xu, X.; Yu, F.; Zhang, T.; Li, J. Conjugation of a nonspecific antiviral sapogenin with a specific HIV fusion inhibitor: A promising strategy for discovering new antiviral therapeutics. J. Med. Chem., 2014, 57(17), 7342-7354.
[44]
Zheng, C.G.; Wu, C.Q.; Xue, M.H.; Ma, Z.H. Clinical study of thymopentin combined with glycyrrhizin in the treatment of liver damage in patients with HIV/AIDS. Heilongjiang Med. J., 2017, 30(4), 727-730.
[45]
Chen, X.X.; Zhou, H.X.; Qi, W.B.; Ning, Z.Y.; Ma, Y.J.; Li, Y.L.; Wang, G.C.; Chen, J.X. Antiviral effects of the combination of glycyrrhizin and ribavirin against influenza A H1N1 virus infection in vivo. Yao xue xue bao =. Acta pharmaceutica Sinica, 2015, 50(8), 966-972.
[46]
Utsunomiya, T.; Kobayashi, M.; Pollard, R.B.; Suzuki, F. Glycyrrhizin, an active component of licorice roots, reduces morbidity and mortality of mice infected with lethal doses of influenza virus. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 1997, 41(3), 551-556.
[47]
Wolkerstorfer, A.; Kurz, H.; Bachhofner, N.; Szolar, O.H. Glycyrrhizin inhibits influenza A virus uptake into the cell. Antiviral Res., 2009, 83(2), 171-178.
[48]
Hsieh, C.F.; Lo, C.W.; Liu, C.H.; Lin, S.; Yen, H.R.; Lin, T.Y.; Horng, J.T. Mechanism by which ma-xing-shi-gan-tang inhibits the entry of influenza virus. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2012, 143(1), 57-67.
[49]
Michaelis, M.; Geiler, J.; Naczk, P.; Sithisarn, P.; Leutz, A.; Doerr, H.W.; Cinatl, J., Jr Glycyrrhizin exerts antioxidative effects in H5N1 influenza A virus-infected cells and inhibits virus replication and pro-inflammatory gene expression. PLoS One, 2011, 6(5)e19705
[50]
Camberos, L.O.; Tapia, G.; Gutiérrez, L.; López, H.S.S. Effects of
glycyrrhizic acid (Viusid-Vet® powder) on the reduction of influenza
virus spread and on production parameters in pigs. 2017, 4(1), 32-44.
[51]
Baltina, L.A.; Zarubaev, V.V.; Baltina, L.A.; Orshanskaya, I.A.; Fairushina, A.I.; Kiselev, O.I.; Yunusov, M.S. Glycyrrhizic acid derivatives as influenza A/H1N1 virus inhibitors. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2015, 25(8), 1742-1746.
[52]
Tsuji, M.; Sriwilaijaroen, N.; Inoue, H.; Miki, K.; Kinoshita, K.; Koyama, K.; Furuhata, K.; Suzuki, Y.; Takahashi, K. Synthesis and anti-influenza virus evaluation of triterpene-sialic acid conjugates. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 2018, 26(1), 17-24.
[53]
Sekizawa, T.; Yanagi, K.Y. Glycyrrhizin increases survival of mice with herpes simplex encephalitis. Acta Virol., 2001, 45(1), 51-54.
[54]
Lampi, G.; Deidda, D.; Pinza, M.; Pompei, R. Enhancement of anti-herpetic activity of glycyrrhizic acid by physiological proteins. Antivir. Chem. Chemother., 2001, 12(2), 125-131.
[55]
Lin, J.C. Mechanism of action of glycyrrhizic acid in inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus replication in vitro. Antiviral Res., 2003, 59(1), 41-47.
[56]
Curreli, F.; Friedman-Kien, A.E.; Flore, O. Glycyrrhizic acid alters Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus latency, triggering p53-mediated apoptosis in transformed B lymphocytes. J. Clin. Invest., 2005, 115(3), 642-652.
[57]
Kang, H.; Lieberman, P.M. Mechanism of glycyrrhizic acid inhibition of kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus: Disruption of CTCF-Cohesin-Mediated RNA Polymerase II pausing and sister chromatid cohesion. J. Virol., 2011, 85(21), 11159-11169.
[58]
Wang, Y.H.; Lan, W.Y.; Chen, T. Antiviral effects of glycyrrhizic acid on human cytomegalovirus AD169 strain in vitro. Chin. Tradit. Pat. Med., 2016, 38(10), 2121-2127.
[59]
Yang, G. Clinical effects of valaciclovir combined with compound glycyrrhizin in the treatment of herpes zoster. China Modern Doctor, 2015, 53(17), 111-113.
[60]
Kai, L.I.; Tan, Y.; Liu, Z.; Department, M. The clinical curative effect of acyclovir combined with Glycyrrhizin in treatment of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia. China Med. Pharm, 2015, 5(15), 109-111.
[61]
Liu, L.; Zhang, X.B. Therapeutic Efficacy Observation of Famciclovir Combined with Compound Glycyrrhizin for Recurrent Genital Herpes. Chin. J. Dermatovenereol., 2013, 27(6), 641-642.
[62]
Cinatl, J.; Morgenstern, B.; Bauer, G.; Chandra, P.; Rabenau, H.; Doerr, H.W. Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus. Lancet, 2003, 361(9374), 2045-2046.
[63]
Chen, F.; Chan, K.H.; Jiang, Y.; Kao, R.Y.; Lu, H.T.; Fan, K.W.; Cheng, V.C.; Tsui, W.H.; Hung, I.F.; Lee, T.S. In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds. J. Clin. Virol., 2004, 31(1), 69-75.
[64]
Wu, Y.S.; Lin, W.H.; Hsu, J.T.; Hsieh, H.P. Antiviral drug discovery against SARS-CoV. Curr. Med. Chem., 2006, 13(17), 2003-2020.
[65]
Zhang, H.; Song, Y.; Zhang, Z. Glycyrrhizin administration ameliorates coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis in mice. Am. J. Med. Sci., 2012, 344(3), 206-210.
[66]
Wang, J.; Chen, X.; Wang, W.; Zhang, Y.; Yang, Z.; Jin, Y.; Ge, H.M.; Li, E.; Yang, G. Glycyrrhizic acid as the antiviral component of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. against coxsackievirus A16 and enterovirus 71 of hand foot and mouth disease. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2013, 147(1), 114-121.
[67]
Ohtsuki, K.; Iahida, N. Inhibitory effect of glycyrrhizin on polypeptide phosphorylation by polypeptide-dependent protein kinase (kinase P) in vitro. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1988, 157(2), 597-604.
[68]
Badam, L. In vitro antiviral activity of indigenous glycyrrhizin, licorice and glycyrrhizic acid (Sigma) on Japanese encephalitis virus. J. Commun. Dis., 1997, 29(2), 91-99.
[69]
Crance, J.M.; Scaramozzino, N.; Jouan, A.; Garin, D. Interferon, ribavirin, 6-azauridine and glycyrrhizin: antiviral compounds active against pathogenic flaviviruses. Antiviral Res., 2003, 58(1), 73-79.
[70]
Wang, W.; Zhao, Y.; Zhao, X.; Zu, Y.; Fu, Y. Anti-HSV-1 Activity of Glycyrrhizic Acid Nanoparticles Prepared by Supercritical Antisolvent Process. Curr. Nanosci., 2015, 11(3), 366-370.
[71]
Wei, L.U.; Liu, F.J.; Han, Z.L.; Hospital, L.P.; Zibo, S. Observation of clinical curative effects of compound glycyrrhizin injection in treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease. Med. J. Chin. Peoples Health, 2014, 26(13), 13-17.
[72]
Duan, E.; Wang, D.; Fang, L.; Ma, J.; Luo, J.; Chen, H.; Li, K.; Xiao, S. Suppression of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus proliferation by glycyrrhizin. Antiviral Res., 2015, 120, 122-125.
251
33