Abstract
Cytokines are small secreted proteins serving as vital mediators that mediate the host immune responses. Transcription and post-transcription play a critical role in cytokine expression through the regulation of message RNA (mRNA) cytoplasmic localization, translation initiation and decay. Researches have been conducted to reveal regulatory mechanisms of cytokines production in cells involved in cancer. AU-rich element (ARE) can regulate the degradation and translation of mRNA by connecting with specific ARE binding proteins. It is now clear that tristetraprolin (TTP), as the most common ARE binding protein, negatively regulates many aspects of the cytokines through binding to the AREs in the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of mRNA. Furthermore, some certain cytokines have an impact on TTP expression and function. Therefore, the cross-regulation between cytokines and TTP has come into sight. The complicated regulatory networks between cytokines and TTP are closely related to tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize specific regulatory mechanisms of cytokine mRNAs. We focus on how TTP negatively regulates inflammatory and oncogenic cytokines expression after combining with AREs, we also pay attention to some cytokines mediating the expression of TTP and their cross-talk in various cancers in detail.
Keywords: Cytokine, TTP, cross-regulation, cancer, ARE, post-transcription.
Graphical Abstract
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Nanomedicines and Targeted Therapies for Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with high incidence and mortality rates despite advancements in treatment strategies. Conventional therapies often face limitations such as systemic toxicity, drug resistance, and suboptimal targeting. The advent of nanomedicines and innovative drug delivery systems offers new hope for overcoming these challenges and ...read more
Discovery of Lead compounds targeting transcriptional regulation
Transcriptional regulation plays key physiological functions in body growth and development. Transcriptional dysregulation is one of the important biomarkers of tumor genesis and progression, which is involved in regulating tumor cell processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Additionally, it plays a pivotal role in angiogenesis and promotes tumor ...read more
Induction of cell death in cancer cells by modulating telomerase activity using small molecule drugs
Telomeres are distinctive but short stretches present at the corners of chromosomes that aid in stabilizing chromosomal makeup. The resynthesis of telomeres is supported by the activity of reverse transcriptase ribonucleoprotein complex telomerase. There is no telomerase activity in human somatic cells, but the stem cells and germ cells undergo ...read more
Innovative targets in medicinal chemistry
Medicinal chemistry continuously evolves in response to emerging healthcare needs and advancements in scientific understanding. This special issue explores the current landscape of innovative targets in medicinal chemistry, highlighting the quest for novel therapeutic avenues. From traditional drug targets such as enzymes and receptors to emerging targets like protein-protein interactions ...read more
Related Journals
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Current Analytical Chemistry
Current Computer-Aided Drug Design
Current Bioactive Compounds
Current Cancer Drug Targets
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews
Current Diabetes Reviews
Current Drug Safety
Current Drug Targets
Related Books
2-Deoxy-D-Glucose: Chemistry and Biology
Chiral Ionic Liquids: Applications in Chemistry and Technology
Anthocyanins: Pharmacology and Nutraceutical Importance
Therapeutic Insights into Herbal Medicine through the Use of Phytomolecules
Computer-Aided Drug Discovery Methods: A Brief Introduction
The Roles and Responsibilities of Clinical Pharmacists in Hospital Settings
Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Plants for Cancer Therapy and Chemoprevention
Biochar - Solid Carbon for Sustainable Agriculture
DFT-Based Studies On Atomic Clusters
Basics of Organic Chemistry: A Textbook for Undergraduate Students
68
3
2
1