摘要
铂类抗癌药物包括顺铂、卡铂和奥沙利铂，是临床上用于治疗多种癌症的一类重要药物。这些药物的毒性作用是通过链间形成和链内交联，或者细胞核DNA上的铂加合物而介导的。也有证据表明线粒体DNA在背根神经节神经元中对铂加合物损伤很敏感。尽管所有的铂类药物都具有相似的DNA加合物，但它们在活化、系统毒性和耐受性方面却截然不同。众所周知，铂类药物有较为严重的神经毒性和胃肠道副作用，这是导致剂量限制和治疗中止影响抗癌治疗效果的主要原因。 在非神经细胞中较多的证据表明，铜转运系统与铂类药物的敏感性和耐药性有关。关于铜转运蛋白在中枢和外周神经系统中的作用的研究最少。目前尚不清楚神经元是否对铂类药物更敏感，药物清除不足，或铂积累是否影响细胞内铜状态和铜介导的功能。了解这些机制很重要，因为神经毒性是铂类药物治疗过程中的主要副作用。 本文综述了铜转运在药物流入中的作用，以铂类为基础的药物引起的药物激活和副作用的差异，以及与中枢和外周神经病变和胃肠道毒性的关系。
关键词: 神经毒性，顺铂，卡铂，奥沙利铂，铜转运蛋白，转铜伴侣。
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