Abstract
Activating Ras mutations are associated with ~30% of all human cancers, which often respond poorly to standard therapies. The four Ras isoforms are therefore highly attractive targets for anticancer drug discovery. However, Ras proteins function through protein-protein interactions and their surfaces lack any major pockets for small molecules to bind; as a result they have been declared “undruggable” for the past 30 years. Several breakthroughs during the past few years may finally remove Ras from the list of undruggable proteins. This mini-review discusses the current approaches to developing inhibitors especially cyclic peptides that physically block the interaction between Ras and its downstream effector proteins, which is potentially the most effective approach for treating Ras mutant cancers.
Keywords: Cancer, Cell signaling, Inhibition, Macrocycles, Protein-protein interaction, Ras.
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Direct Inhibitors of Ras-Effector Protein Interactions
Volume: 16 Issue: 5
Author(s): Punit Upadhyaya, Walaa Bedewy and Dehua Pei
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cancer, Cell signaling, Inhibition, Macrocycles, Protein-protein interaction, Ras.
Abstract: Activating Ras mutations are associated with ~30% of all human cancers, which often respond poorly to standard therapies. The four Ras isoforms are therefore highly attractive targets for anticancer drug discovery. However, Ras proteins function through protein-protein interactions and their surfaces lack any major pockets for small molecules to bind; as a result they have been declared “undruggable” for the past 30 years. Several breakthroughs during the past few years may finally remove Ras from the list of undruggable proteins. This mini-review discusses the current approaches to developing inhibitors especially cyclic peptides that physically block the interaction between Ras and its downstream effector proteins, which is potentially the most effective approach for treating Ras mutant cancers.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Upadhyaya Punit, Bedewy Walaa and Pei Dehua, Direct Inhibitors of Ras-Effector Protein Interactions, Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 16 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557515666151001141713
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557515666151001141713 |
Print ISSN 1389-5575 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5607 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Bioprospecting of Natural Products as Sources of New Multitarget Therapies
According to the Convention on Biological Diversity, bioprospecting is the exploration of biodiversity and indigenous knowledge to develop commercially valuable products for pharmaceutical and other applications. Bioprospecting involves searching for useful organic compounds in plants, fungi, marine organisms, and microorganisms. Natural products traditionally constituted the primary source of more than ...read more
Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry
The thematic issue "Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry" provides a robust platform for delving into state-of-the-art computational methodologies and technologies that significantly propel advancements in medicinal chemistry. This edition seeks to amalgamate top-tier reviews spotlighting the latest trends and breakthroughs in the fusion of computational approaches, including artificial intelligence (AI) ...read more
Drugs and mitochondria
Mitochondria play a central role in the life and death of cells. They are not merely the center for energy metabolism but are also the headquarters for different catabolic and anabolic processes, calcium fluxes, and various signaling pathways. Mitochondria maintain homeostasis in the cell by interacting with reactive oxygen-nitrogen species ...read more
Mitochondria as a Therapeutic Target in Metabolic Disorders
Mitochondria are the primary site of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in mammalian cells. Moreover, these organelles are an important source of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in virtually any nucleated cell type. The modulation of a myriad of cellular signaling pathways depends on the mitochondrial physiology. Mitochondrial dysfunction is observed ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
ABC Transporters in the CNS – An Inventory
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Investigation of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Therapeutic Effect of <i>Perilla frutescens</i> L. Essential Oil on Acute Lung Injury Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Network Pharmacology
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening ADP-Ribosylated Proteins as Old and New Drug Targets for Anticancer Therapy: The Example of ARF6
Current Pharmaceutical Design Anti-VEGF Therapy for Retinal Vein Occlusions
Current Drug Targets Artemisia Species as a New Candidate for Diabetes Therapy: A Comprehensive Review
Current Molecular Medicine Hepatic Cytochrome P450 Regulation in Disease States
Current Drug Metabolism Expression and Predictive Significance of FHL1 and SLIT3 in Surgically Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Autophagy and Crohns Disease: At the Crossroads of Infection, Inflammation, Immunity, and Cancer
Current Molecular Medicine Cullin-RING Ligases as Attractive Anti-cancer Targets
Current Pharmaceutical Design OPLS-DA as a Suitable Method for Selecting a Set of Gene Transcripts Discriminating RAS- and PTPN11-Mutated Cells in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor as a Therapeutic Target in Glioblastoma Multiforme and other Malignant Neoplasms
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry On the Physiological Role of Cytosolic 5’-nucleotidase II (cN-II): Pathological and Therapeutical Implications.
Current Medicinal Chemistry Baseline Levels of Interleukine-6, Tumor-Necrosis Factor-Alpha and C-Reactive Protein in Treatment Naive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients-A Study from a Tertiary-Care Hospital in Eastern India
Current Biomarkers (Discontinued) Choline Kinase Alpha Depletion Selectively Kills Tumoral Cells
Current Cancer Drug Targets The Role of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1 in Bladder Cancer
Current Molecular Medicine Discovery and Development of Purine-Scaffold Hsp90 Inhibitors
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Patents on Therapeutic and Cosmetic Applications of Bioactives of Crocus Sativus L. and their Production through Synthetic Biology Methods: A Review
Recent Patents on Biotechnology Molecular Imaging Strategies for In Vivo Tracking of MicroRNAs: A Comprehensive Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry Effect of Hybrid Compounds of Stilbene and Pentadienone on Inhibition of Tubulin Polymerization
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Polymeric Nanomedicines as a Promising Vehicle for Solid Tumor Therapy and Targeting
Current Molecular Medicine