Editorial [Hot Topic: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP): Historic Perspective and Future Potential]

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) represents a significant global health challenge, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The increasing prevalence of DM, alongside its associated complications, has prompted researchers and healthcare professionals to explore a variety of management strategies beyond conventional pharmacotherapy. Among these ...read more

Chronic inflammation is fundamental cause of variety of disorders. Many lifestyle-related diseases including metabolic syndrome, obesity, impairment of immune responses, sepsis, mental illness, and other disorders are caused by chronic inflammation. Prevention of chronic inflammation is related to antiaging effects of our body. Proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α is associated ...read more

We have already known that testis is an immune privilege area for the maintenance of spermatogenesis against to any pathogen from the interstitial area. With the BTB integrity there is a qualified selection for the mature sperm until the lumen migration which is sperm release progress. Spermiogenesis help for the ...read more