Mechanistic Review on the Role of Gut Microbiota in the Pathology of
Cardiovascular Diseases

Iqra      Usman; Aamir      Anwar; Shivang      Shukla; Priya      Pathak
doi:10.2174/011871529X310857240607103028
Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which stand as the primary contributors to illness and death on a global scale, include vital risk factors like hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking, to name a few. However, conventional cardiovascular risk factors offer only partial insight into the complexity of CVDs. Lately, a growing body of research has illuminated that the gut microbiome and its by-products are also of paramount importance in the initiation and progression of CVDs. The gastrointestinal tract houses trillions of microorganisms, commonly known as gut microbiota, that metabolize nutrients, yielding substances like trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), bile acids (BAs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), indoxyl sulfate (IS), and so on. Strategies aimed at addressing these microbes and their correlated biological pathways have shown promise in the management and diagnosis of CVDs. This review offers a comprehensive examination of how the gut microbiota contributes to the pathogenesis of CVDs, particularly atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart failure (HF), and atrial fibrillation (AF), explores potential underlying mechanisms, and highlights emerging therapeutic prospects in this dynamic domain.
Keywords: Gut microbiota, cardiovascular disease, CVD pathogenesis, TMAO, SCFA, bile acids.
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Graphical Abstract

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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/011871529X310857240607103028	Print ISSN 1871-529X
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 2212-4063
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets

Mechanistic Review on the Role of Gut Microbiota in the Pathology of Cardiovascular Diseases

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