Immunoregulatory Effects of the Active Form of Vitamin D (Calcitriol),
Individually and in Combination with Curcumin, on Peripheral Blood
Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Patients

Mahdieh      Fasihi; Mahsa      Samimi-Badabi; Behrouz      Robat-Jazi; Sama      Bitarafan; Abdorreza   Naser   Moghadasi; Fatemeh      Mansouri; Mir   Saeed   Yekaninejad; Maryam      Izad; Ali   Akbar   Saboor-Yaraghi

doi:10.2174/0118715230293847240314073359

Abstract

Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting the central nervous system. Immune cell subsets, notably T helper (Th) 17 and Th1, exert important roles in MS pathogenesis. Whereas, Treg cells modulate the disease process. Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, and curcumin, a bioactive compound derived from turmeric, play immunomodulatory effects relevant to autoimmune disorders, including MS. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of calcitriol and Curcumin on Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of individuals with MS.

Methods: PBMCs from twenty MS patients were isolated, cultured, and exposed to 0.004 μg/mL of calcitriol and 10 μg/mL of curcumin. The cells underwent treatment with singular or combined doses of these components to assess potential cumulative or synergistic immunomodulatory effects. Following treatment, the expression levels of genes and the cellular population of Treg, Th1 and Th17 were evaluated using Real-time PCR and flow cytometry.

Results: Treatment with curcumin and calcitriol led to a significant reduction in the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors related to Th1 and Th17 cells, including IFN-γ, T-bet, IL-17, and RORC. Furthermore, the frequency of these cells decreased following treatment. Additionally, curcumin and calcitriol treatment resulted in a significant upregulation of the FOXP3 gene expression and an increase in the frequency of Treg cells.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that curcumin and calcitriol can effectively modulate the inflammatory processes intrinsic to MS by mitigating the expression of inflammatory cytokines by Th1 and Th17 cells while concurrently enhancing the regulatory role of Treg cells. Moreover, the combined treatment of curcumin and calcitriol did not yield superior outcomes compared to single-dosing strategies.

Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, calcitriol, curcumin, Th1, Th17, Treg.

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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0118715230293847240314073359	Print ISSN 1871-5230
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-614X

Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

Immunoregulatory Effects of the Active Form of Vitamin D (Calcitriol), Individually and in Combination with Curcumin, on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Patients

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