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Current Drug Therapy

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ISSN (Print): 1574-8855
ISSN (Online): 2212-3903

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Review Article

Clinical Analysis of Resemblance and Dissimilarities of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Therapeutic Approach Towards the Management of Diabetes Mellitus

Author(s): Sashi, Kajal Rani, Komal Rani, Ankita, Vineet Mittal, Deepak Kaushik, Manish Dhall, Prabhjeet Kaur Bamrah, Tarun Kumar*, Manisha Pandey*, Neha Jain and Ashwani Arya*

Volume 20, Issue 1, 2025

Published on: 01 February, 2024

Page: [45 - 56] Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/0115748855276929231218053337

Price: $65

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Abstract

One of the classes of injective antidiabetic agents includes Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) which ameliorate glycemia and numerous atherosclerosis-related factors in individuals prone to Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM) disorder.

Methods: The review paper targeted the role of GLP-1RA in managing DM. The literature published during the last decades in several data-based searches (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect) was reviewed and compiled the therapeutic uses of GLP-1 RA in the management of DM. In this review, we have discussed GLP-1RA and its role in the management of diabetes mellitus.

Results and Discussion: Disrupted homeostasis marks insulin resistance and β-cell deterioration as two major indications of T2-DM. β-cells failure (~80% of functioning of β-cell) and insulin resistance in the liver and muscles are primarily susceptive to physiological defects. GLP-1RAs if administered for a prolonged period also cause a loss in weight through the activation of receptors of GLP-1 found in hypothalamic satiety centers which control appetite and decrease intake of calories. They not only assist in controlling blood glucose but also improve β- cell function and post–diabetic conditions namely hyperlipidemia, obesity, and hypertension.

Conclusion: It was concluded that GLP-1RA has a new therapeutic approach to the management of DM. Hence, GLP-1RA provides distinctive and innovative evolution for the treatment of T2-DM.

Keywords: GLP-1, type 2 diabetes mellitus, β-cells, insulin, exenatide, incretin mimetics.

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