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Current Vascular Pharmacology

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ISSN (Print): 1570-1611
ISSN (Online): 1875-6212

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Review Article

Endocrine Disorders and Peripheral Arterial Disease – A Series of Reviews Cushing Syndrome-Cortisol Excess

Author(s): Poredoš P, Schernthaner GH, Blinc A, Mikhailidis DP, Jensterle M, Anagnostis P, Antignani PL, Bajuk Studen K, Šabović M and Ježovnik MK*

Volume 22, Issue 4, 2024

Published on: 30 November, 2023

Page: [236 - 241] Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/0115701611272145231106053914

Price: $65

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Abstract

Cushing syndrome (CS), characterised by endogenous or exogenous glucocorticoid hormone excess, is associated with several systemic complications, including impaired glucose metabolism, which often becomes clinically manifest as diabetes mellitus (DM). In addition, CS can harm the arterial wall because of hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, hepatic steatosis, and central obesity. These metabolic disorders promote atherosclerosis by synthesising adipokines, leptin, and proinflammatory cytokines. Lower limb arterial complications in CS are common and significantly impact morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, CS, in combination with DM, is likely to cause more diffuse vascular disease that predominantly affects distal arterial beds. In conclusion, CS promotes atherosclerosis, including peripheral artery disease, by causing functional and morphological deterioration of the arterial vessel wall and increasing the presence of classical risk factors of atherosclerosis.

Keywords: Cushing syndrome, cortisol excess, metabolic syndrome, atherogenesis, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus.

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