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Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy

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ISSN (Print): 1574-888X
ISSN (Online): 2212-3946

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Review Article

Articular Cartilage Injury; Current Status and Future Direction

Author(s): Maryam Moradi, Farzad Parvizpour, Zohreh Arabpour, Nikan Zargarzadeh, Mahnaz Nazari, Heewa Rashnavadi, Farshid Sefat, Sanaz Dehghani, Marzieh Latifi and Arefeh Jafarian*

Volume 19, Issue 5, 2024

Published on: 17 May, 2023

Page: [653 - 661] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X18666230418121122

Price: $65

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Abstract

Today, treatments of cartilage and osteochondral lesions are routine clinical procedures. The avascular and hard-to-self-repair nature of cartilage tissue has posed a clinical challenge for the replacement and reconstruction of damaged cartilage. Treatment of large articular cartilage defects is technically difficult and complex, often accompanied by failure. Articular cartilage cannot repair itself after injury due to a lack of blood vessels, lymph, and nerves. Various treatments for cartilage regeneration have shown encouraging results, but unfortunately, none have been the perfect solution. New minimally invasive and effective techniques are being developed. The development of tissue engineering technology has created hope for articular cartilage reconstruction. This technology mainly supplies stem cells with various sources of pluripotent and mesenchymal stem cells. This article describes the treatments in detail, including types, grades of cartilage lesions, and immune mechanisms in cartilage injuries.

Keywords: Cartilage lesion, articular cartilage surgery, articular cartilage tissue engineering, chondrocyte implantation, cartilage grafts, osteochondral lesions.

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