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Current Medical Imaging

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ISSN (Print): 1573-4056
ISSN (Online): 1875-6603

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Research Article

CT and MRI Findings of Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma: A Series of Ten Case Reports and Review of Literature

Author(s): Hao Ding, Zhi-qing Mo, Hua Xu, You-ming Zhang, Wen-zhao Yuan and Zi-san Zeng*

Volume 19, Issue 11, 2023

Published on: 08 March, 2023

Article ID: e130223213617 Pages: 7

DOI: 10.2174/1573405619666230213114231

Price: $65

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Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to analyze computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging features of patients with solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma.

Methods: Ten cases with solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma were included in this study. CT and MRI features of solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: This study included both males (n = 8) and females (n = 2), with a median age of 48 (range 21-72 years old). The organs or anatomical structures involved were nasopharynx (n = 3), orbit (n = 1), left tentorium (n = 1), nasal cavity and meatus (n = 2), small intestine and mesentery (n = 1), as well as posterior thoracic wall (n = 2). The median maximum diameter of the tumors was 3.2 cm (range 0.8- 15.2 cm). The tumor shapes were round (n = 7), stripped (n = 1), irregular (n = 1), and nodular (n = 1). The margin of the tumors was well-defined (n = 7) and partially well-defined (n = 3). There were 3 cases with bone destruction and 1 with a tissue invasion adjacent to the tumor, calcification (n = 1), and cystic degeneration (n = 2). Enlarged tumoral vessels (n = 4) could also be observed. The CT attenuation and MR signal intensity of tumors were heterogeneous (n = 4) and homogenous (n = 6). After the injection of the contrast agent, marked (n = 5), mild (n = 1), mild to moderate (n = 1), and delayed enhancement (n = 1) could be observed.

Conclusion: A well-defined homogeneous solitary mass occurring at the head and neck with a marked enhancement, an adjacent tissue invasion, enlarged tumoral vessels, and bone destruction can indicate the diagnosis of solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma.

Keywords: Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma, extramedullary plasmacytoma, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, imaging feature, nasal cavity.

Graphical Abstract

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