Abstract
Orientin is a flavonoid C-glycoside found in many plants, and studies investigating its neuropharmacological benefits have received significant attention in recent years. Orientin has modulating effects on various neuropathological pathways such as Nrf2-ARE, PI3K/Akt, JNKERK1/ 2, and TLR4/NF-kB. Orientin, therefore, is evaluated for its benefits in various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease. This paper reviews Orientin's neuroprotective mechanisms and benefits.
Keywords: Orientin, Nrf2-ARE, PI3K/Akt, JNK-ERK1/2, TLR4/NF-kB, neuroprotection.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI200317522] [PMID: 12511579]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2014.11.021] [PMID: 25497709]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1250718] [PMID: 21283956]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1535370217737983] [PMID: 29073777]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2018.03.013] [PMID: 29558662]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43440-019-00048-3] [PMID: 32048267]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2495496]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.088] [PMID: 29198745]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.271725]
[PMID: 30488860]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.130] [PMID: 29959995]
[PMID: 25368632]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.01.002]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSM.919203] [PMID: 31837261]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201400753] [PMID: 25788013]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11418-010-0421-x] [PMID: 20473574]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.05.037]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj0970444] [PMID: 16749149]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3579750] [PMID: 9973087]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2006.05.012] [PMID: 16822604]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/JPC.23.2010.1.7]
[PMID: 15656135]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.59.1393] [PMID: 22041076]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.07.064] [PMID: 16199228]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2006.07.069] [PMID: 17723770]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104952] [PMID: 25126759]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-405] [PMID: 25328027]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pca.2423] [PMID: 23483597]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97303-5]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11418-008-0244-1] [PMID: 18409066]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s10337-004-0305-x]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np50022a009]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2011.593171] [PMID: 21830883]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.90874] [PMID: 22247887]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.781-784.615]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn1434] [PMID: 15298006]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207454.2016.1212854] [PMID: 27412492]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aag2590] [PMID: 27540165]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf6260] [PMID: 27540166]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.4948] [PMID: 26935478]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35037739] [PMID: 11048732]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00073] [PMID: 29515352]
[PMID: 26261796]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19102973] [PMID: 30274251]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161207780858384] [PMID: 17584114]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2018.12.003] [PMID: 30550933]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep01393] [PMID: 23462811]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0704908104] [PMID: 18000063]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ars.2008.2242] [PMID: 18717629]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.02.042] [PMID: 22401859]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568007054038238] [PMID: 15975029]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M414635200] [PMID: 15840590]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1206077] [PMID: 12584558]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12031-012-9837-y] [PMID: 22706709]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-2006-9S317] [PMID: 16914853]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1836-13.2013] [PMID: 24155308]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.04-2582fje] [PMID: 15665036]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-010-0259-3] [PMID: 20848191]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12035-012-8271-z] [PMID: 22552779]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2013.09.018] [PMID: 24095978]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029102] [PMID: 22220203]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12031-019-01353-5] [PMID: 31243684]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.139.3.809] [PMID: 9348296]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(95)90411-5] [PMID: 7834748]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80405-5] [PMID: 9346240]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.49.32377] [PMID: 9829964]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.286.5448.2358] [PMID: 10600750]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.296.5573.1655] [PMID: 12040186]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2009.02.006] [PMID: 19268480]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2009.11.021] [PMID: 19962417]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2007.12.059] [PMID: 18241842]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2009.03.091] [PMID: 19553016]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0959-4388(00)00211-7] [PMID: 11399427]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd1132] [PMID: 12815381]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/labinvest.2009.124] [PMID: 20010851]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12035-014-8950-z] [PMID: 25404088]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11481-015-9623-z] [PMID: 26139594]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.03857.x] [PMID: 15673436]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2015.09.029] [PMID: 26434409]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2009.01.013] [PMID: 19428783]
[PMID: 21167873]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2004.06.002] [PMID: 15328055]
[PMID: 15383672]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb02325.x] [PMID: 2154550]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3639.2003.tb00478.x] [PMID: 14655753]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1353-8020(11)70008-6] [PMID: 22166424]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/glia.1106] [PMID: 11596125]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyu103] [PMID: 25522431]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41401-018-0209-1] [PMID: 30728466]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.117.244020] [PMID: 28912345]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12640-013-9401-8] [PMID: 23690159]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nan.12493] [PMID: 29679389]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2006.342] [PMID: 17401348]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(01)00295-0] [PMID: 11591459]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a001651] [PMID: 20457564]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3062.2001.30405.x] [PMID: 11844153]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209943] [PMID: 17072327]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlb.66.6.876] [PMID: 10614768]
[PMID: 9250151]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlb.65.3.291] [PMID: 10080530]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1189/jlb.1206735] [PMID: 17537988]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7343-7_12] [PMID: 7540353]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI11830] [PMID: 11134171]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/CS20090557] [PMID: 20175746]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941930903040155] [PMID: 19842907]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/0022357022962] [PMID: 15005873]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-2896.2009.00862.x] [PMID: 20192992]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2009.12.016] [PMID: 20026420]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2007.05.004] [PMID: 17693123]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-11-57] [PMID: 20433710]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/WNR.0000000000000969] [PMID: 29381509]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep40753] [PMID: 28127051]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.066] [PMID: 30551472]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.08.009] [PMID: 32800786]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.29169] [PMID: 31265179]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.01041] [PMID: 31611842]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2018.1424685] [PMID: 29334873]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jphp.12704] [PMID: 28294340]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2018.06.045] [PMID: 30075428]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2019.00553] [PMID: 31920554]