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Current Alzheimer Research

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ISSN (Print): 1567-2050
ISSN (Online): 1875-5828

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Research Article

Association Between Anemia and Dementia: A Nationwide, Populationbased Cohort Study in Taiwan

Author(s): Chien-Tai Hong, Yi-Chen Hsieh, Hung-Yi Liu, Hung-Yi Chiou and Li-Nien Chien*

Volume 17, Issue 2, 2020

Page: [196 - 204] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666200317101516

Price: $65

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Abstract

Background: In addition to the traditional risk predictors, whether anemia is an early biomarker of dementia, needs to be confirmed.

Objective: This population-based cohort study aimed to investigate the dementia risk in patients with newly diagnosed anemia using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database.

Methods: All newly diagnosed anemia patients (n = 26,343) with no history of stroke hospitalization, central nervous disease other than dementia, psychiatric disorders, traumatic brain injury, major operations, or blood loss diseases, were enrolled. A group of non-anemic controls, 1:4 matched with anemic patients on the basis of demographics and comorbidities, was also included. A competing risk analysis was used to evaluate the dementia risk in anemic patients compared to that of their matched controls.

Results: The adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) of dementia risk in anemic patients was 1.14 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08~1.21, p<0.001). Patients with iron supplements tended to exhibit a lower dementia risk (adjusted SHR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.75~0.94, p=0.002) compared to patients without iron supplement. A subgroup analysis showed that a positive association between dementia and anemia existed in females, those aged 70 years and older, and patients without hypertension, diabetes, or hyperlipidemia.

Conclusion: The present population-based cohort study identified that newly diagnosed anemia is a risk factor for dementia and also that iron supplementation was able to reduce the risk of dementia in people with iron deficiency anemia.

Keywords: Dementia, anemia, population-based cohort study, competing risk analysis, subdistribution hazard ratio, apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4).

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