摘要
三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)可通过缺乏雌激素受体(ER),孕激素受体(PR)以及人类表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)的表达而与其他乳腺恶性肿瘤区分开。 TNBC与不良的临床结果和高转移风险相关。当前,一些临床和转化报告集中在针对这种侵袭性癌症开发靶向疗法。除了批准的靶向药物(例如聚(ADP-核糖)聚合酶抑制剂(PARPi)和免疫检查点抑制剂)外,基于铂的化学疗法仍是TNBC的基础治疗选择。但是,尽管在TNBC中观察到铂类化学疗法的预后有所改善,但是仍然有很大一部分患者对该治疗无反应,因此,仍需要预测性生物标志物对TNBC患者进行分层,从而避免这些药物的不良毒性代理商。随着基因检测的出现,最近的一些研究表明,TNBC患者的乳腺癌易感基因(BRCA)突变是重要的预后指标。这些突变改变了导致基因组不稳定的同源重组修复(HRR)机制。因此,这些强抗癌药诱导的脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)损伤可增强细胞死亡,从而可以解释TNBC患者亚群对铂类治疗的敏感性。通过本文,我们回顾了有关该主题的最新研究,以更好地了解其机制,并讨论了BRCA突变状态作为TNBC中铂类化学疗法的预测生物标志物的潜力。
关键词: 三阴性乳腺癌,BRCA1,BRCA2,铂类,化疗,预测生物标志物。
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