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Review Article

青蒿素及其衍生物在癌症治疗中的新机制

卷 28, 期 2, 2021

发表于: 21 January, 2020

页: [329 - 345] 页: 17

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867327666200121124404

价格: $65

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摘要

背景：青蒿素是一种倍半萜内酯化合物，它有一个特殊的过氧桥，与对抗疟疾和癌症的细胞毒性密切相关。青蒿素及其衍生物(Artemisinin, ARTs)被认为是具有促进癌细胞凋亡、诱导细胞周期阻滞和自噬、抑制癌细胞侵袭和迁移等作用的潜在抗癌药物。此外，ARTs显著增加癌细胞内的细胞内活性氧(ROS)，导致铁下垂，这是一种新的细胞死亡形式，取决于铁蛋白浓度。铁死亡被认为是一种癌症抑制因子，同时也是一种新的癌症治疗机制。 方法：通过文献检索和分析，比较了ARTs和参考分子的抗癌活性。摘要综述了近年来铁下垂症的研究进展，重点介绍了青蒿素诱导铁死亡症的分子机制。 结果:青蒿素衍生物、青蒿素衍生物二聚体、杂交种和青蒿素-转铁蛋白缀合物均能显著提高抗癌活性，其IC50值均低于阿霉素和紫杉醇等参考分子。在药物设计过程中，二聚体和杂交种中连接剂的生物活性是非常重要的。ARTs主要通过触发细胞内ROS的产生，促进铁蛋白的溶酶体降解和调控系统Xc-/Gpx4轴来诱导铁死亡。有趣的是，ARTs也刺激反馈抑制通路。 结论：由于青蒿素及其衍生物可诱发铁死亡，因此在癌症治疗方面具有广阔的应用前景。同时，应根据青蒿素诱导铁下垂的机制开发与青蒿素相关的新型药物。

关键词: 青蒿素衍生物，药物设计，铁死亡，癌症，Xc-/Gpx4轴系统，分子机制。

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